How do Massive Stars form?

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Site Map

The Case — Home Page (or enter through "The Case" on the navigation bar at top)

Page 1 — How do Massive Stars Form? Page 2 — Where would you look to investigate? Page 3 — Clues about massive star formation Page 4 — Now choose where you would look. Page 5 — The Andromeda Galaxy Page 6 — Molecular Clouds in the Constellation Taurus Page 7 — The Orion Nebula Page 8 — It really matters which wavelength of light astronomers choose to study. Page 9 — What telescope would you use? Page 10 — Clues about the telescopes Page 11 — Now choose the best telescope to use. Page 12 — The Hubble Space Telescope Page 13 — The Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) Page 14 — More about the VLBA Page 15 — The Orion Nebula and Orion’s Source I Page 16 — Theories for massive star formation Page 17 — More details about the theories Page 18 — Orion Source I in more detail Page 19 — Now choose which theory best fits. Page 20 — Spherical Infall Theory Page 22 — Colliding Lower Mass Stars Page 21 — Disk and Outflow Theory Page 23 — Congratulations! -- Investigation Completed.

Evidence (data collected by the KaLYPSO group) — Located within "The Case"

Page 18 — Movie of data images taken with the VLBA

Video Interviews — Located within "The Case"

Page 1 — Interview: Jonathan Tan, Topic: What is a massive star? Page 7 — Interview: Liz Humphries, Topic: The Orion Nebula Page 8 — Interview: Jonathan Tan, Topic: Radio Frequencies Page 13 — Interview: Lincoln Greenhill, Topic: Telescope Resolution Page 14 — Interview: Lincoln Greenhill, Topic: The VLBA Twist Page 15 — Voice Over for Zoom: Lincoln Greenhill Page 15 — Interview: Ciriaco Goddi, Topic: What do the colors mean? Page 23 — Interview: Liz Humphries, Topic: What is KaLYPSO?

Video Transcripts — Located within "The Case"

Zoom Sequence — Located within "The Case"

Page 15 — Zoom from the constellation through the nebula to a single infant star

Animations — Located within "The Case"

Page 17 — Animations: Spherical Infall, Disk and Outflow, and Collision Theories

Images — Located within "The Case"

Page 1 — Disks and jets related to newly forming stars. Credit: STSci, NASA Page 3 — Orion Constellation. Credit: Image courtesy of and © Stéphane Guisard & Robert Gendler Page 3 — Andromeda Galaxy. Credit: © Robert Gendler, robgendlerastropics.com Page 3 — Taurus Constellation. Credit: © T. Credner & S. Kohle, AlltheSky.com Page 7 — The Orion Nebula seen in infrared light by the Subaru Telescope. Credit: Copyright © National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, all rights reserved Page 9 — The Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: NASA Page 9 — The Very Long Base Array Telescope. Credit: NRAO/AUI & SeaWiFS Project, NASA/GSFC & ORBIMAGE Page 10 — Cepheus A star forming region take with the Very Long Base Array. Image courtesy of NRAO/AUI Page 10 — Eagle Nebula taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. Image Courtesy of NASA/ESA/STSci/ASU/J. Hester & P. Scowen Page 10 — Orion Nebula taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. Image Courtesy of NASA and K. Luhman, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Page 12 — The Orion Nebula seen with the Hubble Space Telescope in visible light. Image Courtesy of NASA and K. Luhman, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Page 13 — Images within video interview. Image 1: image of the VLBA from the NRAO. Image 2: Wikimedia Commons, Creative Commons license. Page 15 — Images within the Zoom to Source I. Credits: Image 1: Constellation Orion, courtesy of and © Stéphane Guisard & Robert Gendler. Images 2 & 3: Orion Nebula, © Anglo-Australian Observatory/David Malin Images. Image 4: Orion Nebula © Tohoku University, Japan and Subaru Telescope, NAO, Japan. Image 5: Kleinmann-Low Nebula, Courtesy Keck Observatory. Image 6: © Lincoln Greenhill et al, 2004. Page 22 — Artist’s Impression of the Disk and Outflow Theory. Page 23 — Harvard Observatory, Voyage Through The Universe, Stars, Time-Life Books Inc, Amsterdam, 1988 ISBN 0705410722 p. 24.

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